GLP-1 Evidence

Not medical advice. A record of published research and our assessments of it. The limits

GLP-1 receptor agonist use is associated with shorter survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and diabetes mellitus

Design
Retrospective cohort · 136 participants · Hard outcome
Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
Different population[Auto] Participants had obesity/overweight (age/BMI not reported in abstract).
Could weight loss explain it?
Unknown[Auto] Harm signal; weight-loss mediation not the relevant question, but consider whether harms relate to rapid weight loss or reduced intake.
Study tier
Preliminary[Auto] Not peer reviewed (preprint, abstract or registration). Early-warning only.
Assessment
Version 1 · automatic, not yet reviewed by a person · Sep 13, 2026

Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75. This item has not been peer reviewed.

[Auto, unreviewed; last sentences of abstract] After adjusting for covariates, the GLP-1RA group was associated with increased mortality compared to the No-GLP-1RA group (hazard ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval [1.1, 5.3], p=0.02). ConclusionsTreatment with GLP-1RA is associated with shorter tracheostomy-free survival in people with ALS and comorbid DM.

01Findings

What the study reported

Drugs
Class unspecified
Comparator
66 years old
Primary outcome
Not extracted
Effect
Not extracted
95% confidence interval
Not extracted
Follow-up
66 years
Adverse events
Not extracted
Limitations
Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.

Who was studied

Obesity status
obesity/overweight present (all or most)
Diabetes status
diabetes mentioned
Sample size
136

Study quality details

Study design
Retrospective cohort
Sample size
136
Randomization
no
Blinding
not stated
Comparator
not stated
Follow up duration
66 years
Outcome type
hard
Replication
not assessed (auto)
Consistency with other evidence
not assessed (auto)
Population applicability
INDIRECT
Statistical precision
CI reported: 95% confidence interval [1
Risk of bias
not assessed (auto)
Funding conflicts
unclear
Peer review status
no
02Funding

Funding and conflicts

Funding
not reported in abstract
Industry funded
Unclear
Manufacturer
None identified
Sponsor role
not reported in abstract
Author conflicts
not available in metadata
Independent replication
unknown

Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.

04Source

The source, as retrieved

Abstract

BackgroundThe glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone exerts metabolic effects leading to delayed gastric emptying, decreased appetite, and lower blood glucose levels. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are increasingly used to treat diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. However, their impact on the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. ObjectiveWe examined the relationship between GLP-1RA treatment and disease progression among people with ALS and DM. MethodsAn electronic health record search was conducted to identify consecutive patients seen at a single institution from 2020 to 2024 with ALS and DM diagnostic codes. All charts were reviewed for demographics, disease history, medication use, and tracheostomy/survival. Patients who did not meet Awaji ALS diagnostic criteria, lacked a documented history of DM, or had insufficient records were excluded. Patients were grouped by GLP-1RA exposure. Tracheostomy-free survival was compared between the GLP-1RA and No-GLP-1RA groups using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank test and Cox-proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, bulbar onset, body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, and riluzole use. ResultsTotal 1,310 ALS patients were screened, 136 patients (10%) had comorbid DM. After chart review, 85 patients meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, 15 (18%) of whom were treated with GLP-1RA. Compared to No-GLP-1RA group, GLP-1RA group was younger at symptom onset (59 vs 66 years old, p<0.01), had shorter diagnostic delay (12 months vs 17 months, p=0.04) and higher weight at diagnosis (85kg vs 73kg, p=0.02). Tracheostomy-free survival from symptom onset trended shorter in the GLP-1RA group (median survival 28.7 vs 34.9 months, p=0.08). After adjusting for covariates, the GLP-1RA group was associated with increased mortality compared to the No-GLP-1RA group (hazard ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval [1.1, 5.3], p=0.02). ConclusionsTreatment with GLP-1RA is associated with shorter tracheostomy-free survival in people with ALS and comorbid DM.

Where this record came from

SourceRetrievedIdentifier
medrxiv:medrxivSep 13, 202610.1101/2025.05.05.25326993
first ingestion