GLP-1 Evidence

Not medical advice. A record of published research and our assessments of it. The limits

Oral semaglutide for weight loss and liver fibrosis in overweight and obesity: A randomized controlled trial

Design
Randomized trial · 116 participants · Mixed outcome
Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
Different population[Auto] Participants had obesity/overweight without diabetes (BMI ≥30 required); effects may be mediated by weight loss.
Could weight loss explain it?
Possibly[Auto] Participants had obesity and/or type 2 diabetes and the abstract does not separate direct drug effects from weight loss or glycaemic improvement.
Study tier
Study tier 3[Auto] Small or short randomized trial (auto-provisional).
Assessment
Version 1 · automatic, not yet reviewed by a person · Sep 13, 2026

Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.

[Auto, unreviewed; quoted from abstract conclusions] In adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes, oral semaglutide, combined with dietary and lifestyle modifications, led to significant and clinically meaningful weight loss and metabolic improvements compared to lifestyle modifications alone.

01Findings

What the study reported

Drugs
Semaglutide
Dose
3 mg
Route
oral
Primary outcome
Not extracted
Effect
Not extracted
95% confidence interval
Not extracted
Follow-up
18 years
Adverse events
Not extracted
Limitations
Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.

Who was studied

Bmi min
30
Obesity status
obesity/overweight present (all or most)
Diabetes status
excluded (no diabetes)
Cvd status
cardiovascular disease present in population (see abstract)
Baseline condition
MASH / MASLD
Sample size
116

Study quality details

Study design
Randomized controlled trial
Sample size
116
Randomization
yes
Blinding
open-label
Comparator
not stated
Follow up duration
18 years
Outcome type
mixed
Replication
not assessed (auto)
Consistency with other evidence
not assessed (auto)
Population applicability
INDIRECT
Statistical precision
not extracted
Risk of bias
not assessed (auto)
Funding conflicts
unclear
Peer review status
yes
02Funding

Funding and conflicts

Funding
not reported in abstract
Industry funded
Unclear
Manufacturer
None identified
Sponsor role
not reported in abstract
Author conflicts
Declarations. Conflict of interest: AK, RK, SA, NJ, PC, AVK, CM, GRK and NRD declare no conflict of interest. Ethics statement: The study was performed conforming to the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008 concerning human and animal rights, and the authors followed the policy concerning informed consent as shown on Springer.com. Patient Consent: Informed written consent for the publication of study data was obtained from all participants. Clinical trial registry number: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05442450. IRB approval: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of AIG Hospitals (IRB No: AIG/IEC-BH&R 27/05.2022–03, Approval Date: 28th May 2022). Disclaimer: The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, the Indian Society of Gastroenterology or the printer/publishers are responsible for the results/findings and content of this article.
Independent replication
unknown

Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.

04Source

The source, as retrieved

Abstract

[BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES] Obesity is a leading risk factor for fatty liver disease and weight loss has been shown to improve liver parameters. This study evaluates the efficacy of oral semaglutide for weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity, excluding those with diabetes mellitus. [METHODS] A randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted at the Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, from June 2022 to December 2023. Adults (≥ 18 years) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 or ≥ 27 with comorbidities (pre-diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea or cardiovascular disease) were randomized into two groups. Both groups received counselling on a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Group 1 also received oral semaglutide, starting at 3 mg/day and titrated to 14 mg/day over two to four weeks. The objectives were to assess the effects of semaglutide on weight loss, non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis and cardiometabolic parameters. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05442450). [RESULTS] Total 116 participants (58 per group) completed the study. At 28 weeks, the mean percentage weight reduction was -10.47% (SD 5.3) in the Semaglutide group vs. -2.4% (SD 4.5) in the control group (p < 0.001). Semaglutide treatment significantly improved alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) levels, along with reductions in the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) score, liver fat content and liver stiffness. However, NFS (NAFLD fibrosis score) and FIB-4 (fibrosis-4 index) did not show significant reductions. Improvements in BMI, waist circumference, HbA1c, fasting insulin and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly greater with semaglutide (p < 0.001). Total fat mass decreased by 7.3 kg vs. 1.74 kg (p < 0.0001) in controls, while visceral fat ratings dropped by 3.67 vs. 0.6 (p < 0.0001). [CONCLUSIONS] In adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes, oral semaglutide, combined with dietary and lifestyle modifications, led to significant and clinically meaningful weight loss and metabolic improvements compared to lifestyle modifications alone.

Where this record came from

SourceRetrievedIdentifier
pubmedSep 13, 202641066034
first ingestion