GLP-1 Evidence

Not medical advice. A record of published research and our assessments of it. The limits

Long-term kidney outcomes of semaglutide in obesity and cardiovascular disease in the SELECT trial

Design
Randomized trial · 17604 participants · Hard outcome
Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
Different populationObesity with CVD, no diabetes; low absolute event rates; kidney benefit in non-diabetic people is notable but the population still had obesity.
Could weight loss explain it?
PossiblyNot separated; weight and blood-pressure reduction are plausible mediators.
Study tier
Study tier 2Prespecified secondary endpoint of a large RCT with modest event numbers.
Assessment
Version 2 · curated · Sep 13, 2026

Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.

In SELECT participants (obesity and heart disease, no diabetes), semaglutide reduced a composite kidney outcome from 2.2% to 1.8% and slowed eGFR decline slightly, more so in those with reduced kidney function. Extends kidney protection beyond diabetes, but not beyond obesity.

01Findings

What the study reported

Drugs
Semaglutide
Dose
2.4 mg weekly
Route
subcutaneous
Comparator
placebo
Primary outcome
Prespecified composite kidney endpoint; eGFR change at 104 weeks
Effect
Composite 1.8% vs 2.2%, HR 0.78; eGFR benefit 0.75 mL/min/1.73m2 overall, 2.19 in baseline eGFR <60
95% confidence interval
0.63 to 0.96
P value
0.02
Follow-up
mean 3.3 years
Adverse events
Not extracted
Limitations
Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.

Who was studied

Bmi min
27
Obesity status
BMI >= 27 required
Diabetes status
excluded
Cvd status
established CVD
Sample size
8803

Study quality details

Study design
Randomized controlled trial
Sample size
8803
Randomization
yes
Blinding
not stated
Comparator
placebo
Follow up duration
104 weeks
Outcome type
mixed
Replication
not assessed (auto)
Consistency with other evidence
not assessed (auto)
Population applicability
INDIRECT
Statistical precision
few kidney events (1.8% vs 2.2%)
Risk of bias
prespecified secondary endpoint
Funding conflicts
unclear
Peer review status
yes
02Funding

Funding and conflicts

Funding
Novo Nordisk
Industry funded
Yes
Manufacturer
Novo Nordisk
Sponsor role
Sponsor analysed.
Author conflicts
One author is a Novo Nordisk employee and shareholder; others report Novo Nordisk relationships.
Independent replication
unknown
Notes
Authors declare relationships with the drug's manufacturer: Novo Nordisk

Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.

03Claims

Claims this study bears on

04Source

The source, as retrieved

Abstract

The SELECT trial previously reported a 20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events with semaglutide (n = 8,803) versus placebo (n = 8,801) in patients with overweight/obesity and established cardiovascular disease, without diabetes. In the present study, we examined the effect of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on kidney outcomes in the SELECT trial. The incidence of the pre-specified main composite kidney endpoint (death from kidney disease, initiation of chronic kidney replacement therapy, onset of persistent estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 15 ml min-1 1.73 m-2, persistent ≥50% reduction in eGFR or onset of persistent macroalbuminuria) was lower with semaglutide (1.8%) versus placebo (2.2%): hazard ratio (HR) = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63, 0.96; P = 0.02. The treatment benefit at 104 weeks for eGFR was 0.75 ml min-1 1.73 m-2 (95% CI 0.43, 1.06; P < 0.001) overall and 2.19 ml min-1 1.73 m-2 (95% CI 1.00, 3.38; P < 0.001) in patients with baseline eGFR <60 ml min-1 1.73 m-2. These results suggest a benefit of semaglutide on kidney outcomes in individuals with overweight/obesity, without diabetes.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03574597 .

Where this record came from

SourceRetrievedIdentifier
pubmedSep 13, 202638796653
first ingestion