GLP-1 Evidence

Not medical advice. A record of published research and our assessments of it. The limits

Exenatide or glimepiride added to metformin on metabolic control and on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients

Design
Randomized trial · Biomarker outcome
Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
Population unclear[Auto] Population characteristics not extractable from abstract (age/BMI not reported in abstract). Needs manual review.
Could weight loss explain it?
Unknown[Auto] Not addressed in abstract.
Study tier
Study tier 3[Auto] Small or short randomized trial (auto-provisional).
Assessment
Version 1 · automatic, not yet reviewed by a person · Sep 13, 2026

Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.

[Auto, unreviewed; last sentences of abstract] We can conclude that exenatide was better than glimepiride in improving insulin resistance and inflammatory state. Furthermore, adiponectin increase, and tumor necrosis factor-α reduction seem to be related to weight loss obtained with exenatide.

01Findings

What the study reported

Drugs
Exenatide
Dose
3000 mg
Treatment duration
12 months
Primary outcome
Not extracted
Effect
Not extracted
95% confidence interval
Not extracted
Follow-up
12 months
Adverse events
Not extracted
Limitations
Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.

Who was studied

Diabetes status
diabetes mentioned

Study quality details

Study design
Randomized controlled trial
Sample size
not extracted
Randomization
yes
Blinding
not stated
Comparator
not stated
Follow up duration
12 months
Outcome type
biomarker
Replication
not assessed (auto)
Consistency with other evidence
not assessed (auto)
Population applicability
UNKNOWN
Statistical precision
not extracted
Risk of bias
not assessed (auto)
Funding conflicts
unclear
Peer review status
yes
02Funding

Funding and conflicts

Funding
not reported in abstract
Industry funded
Unclear
Manufacturer
None identified
Sponsor role
not reported in abstract
Author conflicts
not available in metadata
Independent replication
unknown

Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.

04Source

The source, as retrieved

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exenatide compared to glimepiride on body weight, glycemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients taking metformin. One hundred and eleven patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and intolerant to metformin at the highest dosages (2500-3000 mg/day) were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized to receive exenatide 5 μg twice a day or glimepiride 1mg three times a day and titrated after 1 month to exenatide 10 μg twice a day or glimepiride 2mg three times a day for 12 months in a randomized, single-blind, controlled study. We evaluated at the baseline and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months these parameters: body weight, body mass index (BMI), HbA(1c), glycemic control, fasting plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) index, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and high sensitivity-C reactive protein. Both treatments gave a similar improvement of glycemic control, without any differences between the two groups. Only exenatide gave a decrease of BMI, insulin resistance parameters such as fasting plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, and adiponectin and a decrease of inflammatory parameters such as tumor necrosis factor-α, and high sensitivity-C reactive protein. Furthermore, the values obtained with exenatide were significantly better than the values recorded with glimepiride. We can conclude that exenatide was better than glimepiride in improving insulin resistance and inflammatory state. Furthermore, adiponectin increase, and tumor necrosis factor-α reduction seem to be related to weight loss obtained with exenatide.

Where this record came from

SourceRetrievedIdentifier
pubmedSep 13, 202621645507
first ingestion