GLP-1 receptor agonists alter the risk of autoimmune disease.
- Current status
- Preliminary signalEvidence unclear · Rheumatologic
- Why
- A TriNetX target-trial emulation in type 2 diabetes found no difference between GLP-1RA and SGLT2i, the comparison best able to isolate a GLP-1RA effect. The differences, in both directions for specific diseases, were against DPP-4 inhibitors, which are themselves immunomodulatory, so they may reflect the comparator rather than GLP-1RA. Hypothesis-generating only.
- What would change it
- Replication in registry data with immunologic confirmation of diagnoses.
- Linked studies
- 1 · 1 mixed
- Last updated
- Oct 19, 2026
The status is the collection's own judgment on its assessment scale, not a GRADE certainty rating and not medical advice.
01The evidence
The evidence, sorted by what it shows
Mixed (1)
- Autoimmune Disease Risk With GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, and SGLT2i Treatment in Patients With DiabetesRetrospective cohort · 2026 · Study tier 4 · Different population · Mixed
No difference GLP-1RA vs SGLT2i; DPP-4i lower psoriasis/thyroiditis but higher dermatomyositis than GLP-1RA.
02History
How this assessment has changed
- Preliminary signalOct 19, 2026 · Evidence unclear
Owner decision 2026-10-18 on IN-061 (claims audit): recommended options accepted (owner ruling on claim 22). Status unchanged; rationale corrected to match the audited links.
- Preliminary signalSep 13, 2026 · Evidence unclear
initial curated status