Association of Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide with Risk of Asthma Exacerbation in Patients with Asthma and Type 2 Diabetes: A US Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
- Design
- Retrospective cohort · 8176 participants · Unknown outcome
- Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
- Population unclear[Auto] Population characteristics not extractable from abstract (age/BMI not reported in abstract). Needs manual review.
- Could weight loss explain it?
- Unknown[Auto] Not addressed in abstract.
- Study tier
- Study tier 3[Auto] Observational design; confounding by indication and healthy-user effects cannot be excluded (auto-provisional).
- Assessment
- Version 1 · automatic, not yet reviewed by a person · Sep 13, 2026
Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.
[Auto, unreviewed; quoted from abstract conclusions] Among patients with asthma and T2D, no difference in the risk of asthma exacerbation between tirzepatide and semaglutide was observed. Further investigation through randomized controlled trials is warranted to clarify the potential role of GLP-1 RA-based therapies in patients with asthma and T2D.
01Findings
What the study reported
- Drugs
- Semaglutide, Tirzepatide
- Comparator
- GLP-1 RA alone remains unclear
- Primary outcome
- Not extracted
- Effect
- Not extracted
- 95% confidence interval
- Not extracted
- Follow-up
- Not stated
- Adverse events
- Not extracted
- Limitations
- Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.
Who was studied
- Diabetes status
- diabetes mentioned
- Sample size
- 8176
Study quality details
- Study design
- Retrospective cohort
- Sample size
- 8176
- Randomization
- no
- Blinding
- not stated
- Comparator
- not stated
- Follow up duration
- not stated
- Outcome type
- unknown
- Replication
- not assessed (auto)
- Consistency with other evidence
- not assessed (auto)
- Population applicability
- UNKNOWN
- Statistical precision
- CI reported: 95% CI, 0
- Risk of bias
- not assessed (auto)
- Funding conflicts
- unclear
- Peer review status
- yes
02Funding
Funding and conflicts
- Funding
- not reported in abstract
- Industry funded
- Unclear
- Manufacturer
- None identified
- Sponsor role
- not reported in abstract
- Author conflicts
- All listed authors report no conflicts of interest.
- Independent replication
- unknown
Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.
04Source
The source, as retrieved
Abstract
[BACKGROUND] While glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) show promise in improving respiratory outcomes, the comparative effectiveness of dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 RA versus GLP-1 RA alone remains unclear. [OBJECTIVE] To assess the association of tirzepatide versus semaglutide with the risk of asthma exacerbation among patients with asthma and type 2 diabetes (T2D). [METHODS] Data from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network were used. Adults with asthma and T2D who initiated tirzepatide or semaglutide between June 01, 2022, and December 31, 2024, were included. The study period ended on December 1, 2025. The primary outcome was time to first asthma exacerbation over a 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included systemic corticosteroid and short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) use. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline covariates. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used to estimate comparative effectiveness. [RESULTS] After 1:1 matching, 8176 patients were included in each group. The risk of asthma exacerbation was similar between tirzepatide and semaglutide (11.0% vs 11.1%; HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.91-1.10). This finding remained consistent across sensitivity and subgroup analyses. For secondary outcomes, tirzepatide was associated with a lower risk of SABA use (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.96) and a similar risk of systemic corticosteroid use (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.96-1.05) compared with semaglutide. [CONCLUSION] Among patients with asthma and T2D, no difference in the risk of asthma exacerbation between tirzepatide and semaglutide was observed. Further investigation through randomized controlled trials is warranted to clarify the potential role of GLP-1 RA-based therapies in patients with asthma and T2D.
Where this record came from
| Source | Retrieved | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| pubmed | Sep 13, 2026 | 42730051 first ingestion |