GLP-1 Evidence

Not medical advice. A record of published research and our assessments of it. The limits

Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Design
Meta-analysis · 3417 participants · Mixed outcome
Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
Population unclear[Auto] Synthesis; population mix not determinable from abstract. Review the included-study populations.
Could weight loss explain it?
Unknown[Auto] Not addressed in abstract.
Study tier
Study tier 2[Auto] Systematic review/meta-analysis of randomized trials (auto-provisional; heterogeneity and included-study quality not assessed).
Assessment
Version 1 · automatic, not yet reviewed by a person · Sep 13, 2026

Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.

[Auto, unreviewed; quoted from abstract conclusions] The use of GLP-1RAs as adjuvant therapy for T1DM is not only beneficial for glycaemic control and weight loss, but also can lead to important improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors and provide valuable guidance for clinicians in making treatment decisions for this population.

01Findings

What the study reported

Drugs
Class unspecified
Comparator
placebo
Primary outcome
Not extracted
Effect
Not extracted
95% confidence interval
Not extracted
Follow-up
Not stated
Adverse events
Not extracted
Limitations
Auto-classified from abstract only; effect estimates, adverse events and limitations not extracted. Requires manual review.

Who was studied

Diabetes status
type 1 diabetes
Sample size
3417

Study quality details

Study design
Meta-analysis
Sample size
3417
Randomization
n/a
Blinding
not stated
Comparator
placebo
Follow up duration
not stated
Outcome type
mixed
Replication
not assessed (auto)
Consistency with other evidence
not assessed (auto)
Population applicability
UNKNOWN
Statistical precision
CI reported: 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3
Risk of bias
not assessed (auto)
Funding conflicts
unclear
Peer review status
yes
02Funding

Funding and conflicts

Funding
Sichuan Science and Technology Programme; Luzhou Science and Technology Programme
Industry funded
Unclear
Manufacturer
None identified
Sponsor role
not reported in abstract
Author conflicts
not available in metadata
Independent replication
unknown

Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.

04Source

The source, as retrieved

Abstract

[PURPOSE] Although the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs in type 2 diabetes are established, their effects in type 1 diabetes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of GLP-1RAs as adjunctive therapy on cardiometabolic risk factors in T1DM. [METHODS] A comprehensive search of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science. The search covered all studies published from database inception to August 30, 2025. The methodology followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, with eligibility criteria based on the PICOS framework. Randomised controlled trials comparing GLP-1 receptor agonists with placebo or standard insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were included. [RESULTS] A total of 21 RCTs involving 3417 patients and evaluating five different GLP-1RAs were included. Compared with the control group, GLP-1RAs significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (WMD: -2.65 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.81 to -1.49, I2 = 0.0% and p < 0.001_effect), decreased diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -0.99 mmHg, 95% CI: -1.70 to -0.28, I2 = 0.0% and p = 0.006_effect) and increased heart rate (WMD: 3.90 bpm, 95% CI: 2.54 to 5.26, I2 = 0.0% and p < 0.001_effect). Similarly, total cholesterol (WMD: -0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.29 to -0.01, I2 = 0.0% and p = 0.031_effect), LDL cholesterol (WMD: -0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.22 to -0.01, I2 = 0.0% and p = 0.028_effect) and CRP (SMD: -0.32, 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.10, I2 = 0.0% and p = 0.005_effect) were significantly reduced, whereas no significant changes were observed for triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, TNF-α or IL-6 (all p > 0.05_effect). Previous meta-analyses have shown the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs in T1DM, and this study once again verified that GLP-1RAs can significantly reduce glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (WMD: -0.21% and 95% CI: -0.26 to -0.17), body weight (WMD: -3.91 kg and 95% CI: -4.53 to -3.30) and body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -1.52 kg/m2, 95% CI: -1.88 to -1.16) (all p < 0.05_effect). [CONCLUSION] The use of GLP-1RAs as adjuvant therapy for T1DM is not only beneficial for glycaemic control and weight loss, but also can lead to important improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors and provide valuable guidance for clinicians in making treatment decisions for this population.

Where this record came from

SourceRetrievedIdentifier
pubmedSep 13, 202641331723
first ingestion