Short-term clinical efficacy and recorded adverse events of semaglutide combined with dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease
- Design
- Retrospective cohort · 126 participants · Mixed outcome
- Match to healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75
- Different populationINDIRECT: all 126 patients had type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease; BMI not reported.
- Could weight loss explain it?
- PossiblyPossibly: HbA1c and glucose fell alongside the renal and inflammatory markers, and no analysis separated glycaemic improvement from the other effects; weight was not reported.
- Study tier
- Study tier 4VERY_LOW: a small single-hospital retrospective cohort (42 per group, 8 weeks, laboratory outcomes, no events).
- Assessment
- Version 2 · Two independent AI reviews agreed · Oct 19, 2026
Study facts come from the paper. Population match, weight-loss explanation and study tier are our judgments, made against the reference group of healthy normal-weight adults aged 55–75.
This retrospective study at one hospital compared 126 people with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease who had received semaglutide, dapagliflozin or both for 8 weeks, 42 per group. The combination was linked to larger short-term falls in blood sugar, kidney-function and inflammation markers and a higher response rate than either drug alone, with no increase in recorded side effects. The design is observational and short, and the authors say it does not show long-term kidney benefit.
01Findings
What the study reported
- Drugs
- Semaglutide
- Comparator
- dapagliflozin alone and semaglutide alone (combination group vs each monotherapy)
- Treatment duration
- 8 weeks
- Primary outcome
- Glycaemic indices, renal function-related parameters, inflammatory markers, clinical response and recorded adverse events over 8 weeks
- Effect
- All 3 groups improved from baseline; the semaglutide plus dapagliflozin group had greater reductions in glycaemic, renal and inflammatory markers and a higher clinical response rate than either monotherapy; no numeric values in abstract
- 95% confidence interval
- not reported in abstract
- Follow-up
- 8 weeks
- Adverse events
- No increase in recorded adverse events detected during 8 weeks
- Limitations
- The authors cite the retrospective design, modest sample and short observation period; single hospital, non-random treatment allocation and laboratory outcomes only.
Who was studied
- Obesity status
- not reported in abstract
- Diabetes status
- type 2 diabetes required
- Cvd status
- not reported in abstract
- Ckd status
- chronic kidney disease required
- Baseline condition
- type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease
- Sample size
- 126
- Inclusion exclusion
- T2DM with CKD treated at one hospital March 2023 to July 2024 with complete baseline and 8-week data
Study quality details
- Study design
- Retrospective cohort
- Sample size
- 126
- Randomization
- no
- Blinding
- n/a
- Comparator
- dapagliflozin alone and semaglutide alone (combination group vs each monotherapy)
- Follow up duration
- 8 weeks
- Outcome type
- mixed
- Replication
- not assessed
- Consistency with other evidence
- not assessed
- Population applicability
- INDIRECT
- Statistical precision
- No confidence intervals or p values in abstract; 42 patients per group
- Risk of bias
- not assessed
- Funding conflicts
- no
- Peer review status
- yes
02Funding
Funding and conflicts
- Funding
- no funding declared
- Industry funded
- No
- Manufacturer
- not stated in source
- Sponsor role
- not reported in abstract
- Author conflicts
- Authors declare no conflicts of interest.
- Independent replication
- unknown
Funding is shown on every study and never used to score it.
04Source
The source, as retrieved
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with persistent hyperglycemia, progressive renal impairment, systemic inflammation, and an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have shown metabolic and cardiorenal benefits, but clinical evidence regarding their combined use in patients with T2DM and CKD remains limited. This retrospective observational study included 126 patients with T2DM complicated by CKD who were treated at our hospital between March 2023 and July 2024. Patients were identified through a review of electronic medical records and the application of predefined eligibility criteria. Treatment groups reflected the actual regimen documented in the medical record rather than random allocation. The final analytic cohort comprised 42 patients in each group; the equal group size reflected the eligible records with complete baseline and 8-week follow-up data available in each treatment category during the study period rather than a prospective 1:1:1 enrollment target. The treatment duration was 8 weeks. Glycemic indices, renal function-related parameters, inflammatory markers, clinical response, and recorded adverse events were compared among the 3 groups. After 8 weeks of treatment, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, 24-hour urinary protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly reduced in all 3 groups compared with baseline. The combination group showed greater short-term reductions in glycemic indices, renal function-related parameters, and inflammatory markers than either monotherapy group. The overall clinical response rate was significantly higher in the combination group than in the dapagliflozin or semaglutide group. In patients with T2DM complicated by CKD, semaglutide combined with dapagliflozin was associated with greater short-term improvements in glycemic control, inflammatory markers, and renal function-related indicators, as well as a higher exploratory clinical response rate, than either monotherapy. No increase in recorded adverse events was detected during 8 weeks of treatment. Because of the retrospective design, modest sample size, and short observation period, these findings should not be interpreted as demonstrating definitive long-term renal benefit or equivalent long-term safety. Further large-scale prospective studies with standardized renal outcomes are required.
Where this record came from
| Source | Retrieved | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| pubmed | Oct 11, 2026 | 42854065 first ingestion |
| pubmed | Oct 11, 2026 | 42854065 duplicate matched on doi |
| pubmed | Oct 11, 2026 | 42854065 duplicate matched on doi |
| pubmed | Oct 18, 2026 | 42854065 duplicate matched on doi |
| pubmed | Oct 18, 2026 | 42854065 duplicate matched on doi |
| pubmed | Oct 18, 2026 | 42854065 duplicate matched on doi |